ABSTRACT
Many universities had to use online based education in 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic. For asynchronous education, LMS (Learning Management Systems) such as Moodle were used. In this paper, learning analytics and institutional research were done based on the logs of Moodle, focused on during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analytics of four cases were done;(1) the numbers of modules, (2) the monthly learners' access logs (3) the monthly usage per activities, and (4) how many feedbacks were done with assignments modules. Although the usage of Moodle was highly increased from that of before the pandemic, usage of providing resources such as PDFs and videos were main cases. In addition to this, the number of feedbacks differed widely according to the courses. Although the COVID-19 pandemic might cause the increasing of the usage of Moodle, there is a room for improvement in the way of its usage. © 2021 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to economic contraction and significant restrictions on society. The shock to the economy could lead to a deterioration of physical health outcomes, including dental health. The present study investigated the association between worsened socioeconomic conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic and dental pain in Japan. The mediating effects of psychological distress and oral health-related behaviors were also evaluated. Cross-sectional data from the Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey conducted from August to September 2020 (n = 25,482; age range, 15-79 y) were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to evaluate the independent associations of household income reduction, work reduction, and job loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic with dental pain within a month. Dental pain was reported by 9.8%. Household income reduction, work reduction, and job loss were independently associated with dental pain after adjusting for confounders (odds ratios: 1.42 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.28-1.57], 1.58 [95% CI, 1.41-1.76], 2.17 [95% CI, 1.64-2.88], respectively). The association related to household income reduction was mediated by psychological distress, postponing dental visits, toothbrushing behavior, and between-meals eating behavior by 21.3% (95% CI, 14.0-31.6), 12.4% (95% CI, 7.2-19.6), 1.5% (95% CI, -0.01 to 4.5), and 9.3% (95% CI, 5.4-15.2), respectively. Our findings showed that worsened socioeconomic conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic deteriorated dental health. Policies that protect income and job loss may reduce dental health problems after the pandemic.